Smart Reservoir Dam Safety Monitoring Platform: Integration of Cloud and IoT Technologies

Reservoir safety, particularly the flood prevention capacity of the vast number of small and medium-sized reservoirs, is a critical yet vulnerable link in China's flood control and anti-flood system. Facing the current situation of numerous reservoirs built in the last century, which generally suffer from low flood control standards, aging infrastructure, and operation with defects due to historical arrears, the traditional supervision model relying on manual inspections can no longer meet the urgent needs of modern water resources management. Against this backdrop, an online monitoring system for reservoir dam safety based on cloud computing and IoT technology has emerged as a technical means to enhance engineering safety management and prevent and mitigate major risks.

The system achieves all-weather dynamic monitoring of reservoir dams from macro to micro, and from external to internal, through the deployment of a series of intelligent sensing devices such as GNSS monitoring stations, fixed inclinometers, pore pressure gauges, rain gauges, earth pressure sensors, strain gauges, weir flow meters, and temperature and humidity sensors. This monitoring system covers safety parameters including surface and internal displacement, groundwater level, environmental rainfall, structural stress, seepage flow, and temperature and humidity.

It has completely changed the previous scattered and isolated state of data, transmitting various types of data collected from the front-end to a unified cloud platform in real-time through IoT technology. The platform strictly follows industry standards for professional data processing and analysis, and can intuitively display information through various visualization forms such as process lines, bar charts, and relationship curves.

Once monitoring data shows anomalies or exceeds critical values, the system immediately triggers warning information automatically and notifies relevant responsible units and personnel through multiple channels in a timely manner. This immediate early warning capability secures valuable time windows for danger investigation and emergency rescue, greatly enhancing the initiative and timeliness of reservoir safety management.